【学术聚焦】矮小肥胖患儿的生长激素剂量调整
生长激素(GH)治疗在促进矮小患儿身高增长、提高身高标准差、加速生长速率以及优化其成年终身高方面发挥着关键作用。尽管大部分研究均未观察到 GH 治疗会出现严重的不良反应,但仍有报告指出,部分患者治疗过程中可能出现一过性血糖升高的现象[1]。因生长激素IGF-1轴深受BMI变化的影响,即便是BMI的轻微波动,也会显著影响关键结合蛋白的活性,进而提升生长激素敏感性,并促使游离且具有生物活性的IGF-1水平升高[2]。这一机制可能使肥胖儿童易于遭受高剂量重组人生长激素(rhGH)带来的不良影响。
对于众多药物而言,如果使用总体重(total body weight, TBW)计算剂量,肥胖儿童有过量服用的风险。因此,在基于体重的剂量计算中,推荐使用理想体重(ideal body weight, IBW)或瘦体重(lean body mass, LBM)等剂量标量,而非TBW。
LBM = IBW + 0.29 * (TBW- IBW) (2)
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参考文献
[1]Ying Yanqin, Hou Ling, Liang Yan, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human growth hormone in treating Chinese children with idiopathic short stature[J]. Growth Horm IGF Res, 2018, 42-43: 80-85.
[2]Radetti G, Bozzola M, Pasquino B, et al. Growth hormone bioactivity, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), and IGF binding proteins in obese children. Metabolism. 1998; 47(12):1490–3.
[3]L. C. Callaghan and J. D. Walker. An aid to drug dosing safety in obese children: development of a new nomogram and comparison with existing methods for estimation of ideal body weight and lean body mass[J]. Anaesthesia. 2015 Feb;70(2):176-82.
[4]Daniel B Hawcutt, Jennifer Bellis, Victoria Price, et al. Growth hormone prescribing and initial BMI SDS: Increased biochemical adverse effects and costs in obese children without additional gain in height[J]. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 17;12(7):e0181567.
[5]Einas H Alkhatib, Andrew Dauber, Doris Elizabeth Estrada, et al. Weekly growth hormone (lonapegsomatropin) causes severe transient hyperglycemia in a child with obesity[J]. Horm Res Paediatr, 2023, 96(5): 542-546.
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